The 15 Global Challenges from t he Millennium Project, a global participatory think tank. 1. How can sustainable development be achieved for all while addressing global climate change? 2. How can everyone have sufficient clean water without conflict? 3. How can population growth and resources be brought into balance? 4. How can genuine democracy emerge from authoritarian regimes? 5. How can decisionmaking be enhanced by integrating improved global foresight during unprecedented accelerating change? 6. How can the global convergence of information and communications technologies work for everyone? 7. How can ethical market economies be encouraged to help reduce the gap between rich and poor? 8. How can the threat of new and reemerging diseases and immune micro-organisms be reduced? 9. How can education make humanity more intelligent, knowledgeable, and wise enough to address its global challenges? 10. How can shared values and new security strategies reduce ethnic conflicts,...
Finnish universities are the most effective in the world when taking into account national income levels, according to a
ranking of higher education systems.
Top 10 countries, adjusted for economic development, areThe rankings are judged against metrics related to
resources, environment, connectivity and output, based on 24 separate
variables, including the number and impact of research articles produced,
university enrolment and graduate unemployment, a qualitative assessment of a
country’s policy environment, and spending on tertiary education as a
proportion of gross domestic product. The development-adjusted ranking is
measured by adjusting GDP in purchasing-power parity terms to compensate for
different prices across countries.
It shows that there is a strong relationship between levels of research funding and performance but the mix between public and private funding is of little importance. It notes that there is a trade-off between the amount of government control and the level of government funding, and the worst systems combine tight government control with limited government funding.
Top 10 countries, adjusted for economic development, are
- Finland
- South Africa
- United Kingdom
- Denmark
- Canada
- Sweden
- Australia
- New Zealand
- Switzerland
- Netherlands
It shows that there is a strong relationship between levels of research funding and performance but the mix between public and private funding is of little importance. It notes that there is a trade-off between the amount of government control and the level of government funding, and the worst systems combine tight government control with limited government funding.
Countries with small populations
benefit from the ease with which strong informal links between universities,
business and government can be developed. These nations also tend to perform
more strongly on measures of connectivity, such as share of international
students or internationally co-authored articles, according to the report. It has also demonstrated that international connectivity increases the impact of research.
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